澳大利亚勛章获得者迈克·奈特的四十一条建议

——迈克·奈特

 

 

That a new element be introduced into the eligibility criteria for a student visa. That new criterion will be to assess whether the applicant is a genuine temporary entrant. This new criterion should be the first to be considered in assessing any application for a student visa.

建议在学生签证的条件中引入新标准，看申请人是否是真实临居入境者。在对任何一个学生签证进行审理时应首先考虑该新标准。

 

A successful applicant must be both a genuine temporary entrant and a genuine student.

        一个成功的申请人必须既是真实临居入境者又是真正的学生。

 

 

 

 

3.1 That all students in the categories set out below, irrespective of their country of origin-but subject to the provisions in 3.5, 3.6 and 3.7 should be treated as though they are all AL1.

    3.1 读下列所列学历课程的学生，无论来自那个国家，根据3.5、3.6和3.7条的规定，均享有一级风险国家的待遇。

 

3.2 This treatment should apply to the following university student applicants:

• Bachelor Degree;

• 2 plus 2 (or 3 plus 1) arrangements with partner universities;

• Masters Degree by Coursework.

 3.2 此待遇适用于以下的大学生签证申请：

• 学士学位；

• 与合作院校开展的2+2或者3+1课程安排；

• 授课型硕士学位。

 

3.3 The special treatment should not apply to:

• short courses;

• Associate Degree;

• Graduate diploma;

• Graduate certificate;

• Diploma and Advanced Diploma;

• non-award courses (except as provided for in Recommendation 18);

• the non-university courses at the six universities which are dual sector

3.3 此特殊待遇不适用于以下课程：

• 短期课程；

• 副学士学位；

• 研究生文凭；

• 研究生证书；

• 文凭和高级文凭；

• 无学位课程（除了第18条建议中提到的课程）；

• 六所二元制（职业教育/培训，大学课程并设）大学中的非大学课程。

 

3.4 The benefits should also apply to courses which are explicitly packaged with an eligible university course at the time when the offer of university enrollment is made. This might include English language (ELICOS) and/or foundation or pathway courses in circumstances where non compliance by the student at any part of the package would be regarded as non-compliance with the university enrollment.

    3.4 这项待遇也适用于那些与已获得大学入学邀请函与大学课程一起打包申请的其他课程，可能包括英语语言课程（ELICOS）及/或预科、过桥课程等。当学生没有入学该一揽子课程中的任何一部分课程时，将被视为违反了大学入学规定。

 

3.5 The government should continue to require appropriate health checks, health insurance, character (predominantly criminal record/connections) and security checks.

    3.5 政府应当继续要求申请人做适当的体检、加入医疗保险、品格（主要是有无犯罪记录/关联）以及安全方面的核查等。

 

3.6 The underlying DIAC powers in regard to every individual student application should continue to exist.

    3.6 移民部（DIAC）应当继续拥有对每个学生申请个案的优先受理权。

 

3.7 The government should also reserve the right to exclude certain high risk groups from the streamlined approach for university applicants. For example, the government might want to carefully assess all applicants from a persecuted minority group in a particular country. Applicants from such a group might have a huge incentive to apply for protection visas as soon as they reach Australia. The Australian Government may or may not wish to take such people on humanitarian grounds but that should be a separate decision and should not get mixed up with the process of granting visas for university students.

    3.7 政府也应当保留对高风险人群不执行大学生简易签证程序来处理签证的权利。例如，政府可能要仔细评估所有来自于某个特定国家遭受迫害的少数群组申请人，这部分申请人在进入澳大利亚后极可能申请保护性签证。澳大利亚政府基于人道主义也许会或者不会接受这类人，但这应该是另外一个与此无关的决定，不能与大学生的签证获签混为一谈。

 

 

4.1 All graduates of an Australian university Bachelor degree, who have spent at least two academic years studying that degree in Australia, and who have complied with their visa conditions, should receive two years work rights.

    4.1 澳大利亚所有的大学本科毕业生在澳大利亚的大学学习本科学位课程至少两学年，并且遵守他们的签证规定，可以得到两年的工作权。

 

4.2 All graduates of an Australian university Masters by Coursework degree, who have studied that degree in Australia, and who have complied with their visa conditions, should receive two years work rights on successful completion of their course.

    4.2 澳大利亚所有的授课型硕士毕业生在澳大利亚学习硕士学位课程并且遵守他们的签证规定，在顺利完成课程之后可以得到两年的工作权。

 

4.3 This should apply irrespective of the nature of the course (for example whether it be Arts or Engineering) and not be tied to working in any particular occupation.

    4.3 无论课程是什么性质（如文科类或者工程类），也无论做哪个职业的工作，此规定均适用。

 

4.4 The mechanism for taking up these work rights should be administratively very simple with the following components:

• the university must notify that the course has been successfully completed. (This will be

 earlier than the formal graduation which could be many months after the course has been

 completed);

• DIAC should not undertake any detailed, time consuming, assessment of the applicant;

• the scheme must be one which can be marketed by the universities to prospective students as

 almost guaranteeing post study work rights.

    4.4 上述工作权利的机制在以下几方面应极大地简化行政管理工作：

• 大学须发出关于课程已经顺利完成的通知。（这样早于正式毕业时间，正式毕业一般

 要在课程完成几个月之后）；

• 移民部（DIAC）无须做任何具体、耗时的申请评估工作；

• 学生几乎都有毕业后工作的权利须成为大学对未来学生做市场推广的项目之一。

 

 

That all Higher Degree by Research (HDR) students-visa subclass 574 - be treated as though they are all AL1 applicants.

      所有攻读研究型高等学历（HDR）的学生—574签证类别将按一级风险（AL1）申请人对待。

 

That where any English language or other preparatory course is required by the Higher Degree by Research provider then the whole package still be treated as AL1.

       如所读的研究型高等学历院校要求学习语言课程或其他预科课程，建议一揽子学习课程的签证一律按一级风险对待。

 

That all Higher Degree by Research students be given unlimited work rights.

 建议所有读研究型高等学历的学生应享有无限制的工作权。

 

Masters by Research graduates should receive three years post-study work rights and PhD graduates four years.

        研究型硕士毕业生应在毕业后享有三年的工作权，博士毕业生应享有四年的工作权。

 

That the visa arrangements for Higher Degree by Research students be such that an extension for up to six months after submission of their thesis is available if needed during the interactive marking process.

        建议对研究型高等学历学生在其提交论文后的评分过程中，如有必要签证时间可以延期至多六个月。

 

 

That, provided the integrity measures relating to the revised criteria for a student visa are implemented (as set out in Recommendation 1), the threshold English language test requirements for stand alone ELICOS students be removed.

        如果学生签证的真实性评估标准（建议1）获得实施，建议单独来澳学习“国际学生英语强化课程（ELICOS）”的学生将不再要求基本英语语言测试。

 

That the English language requirements for school students in AL4 be the same as those applying for AL1 through to AL3 and the associated waiver scheme abolished.       

        建议对四级风险国家赴澳留学中学生的语言要求改为与一级到三级风险国家的要求一样，无须再提供雅思豁免信。

 

That the maximum period of time a school student visa holder can study English be 50 weeks across all ALs.

        建议所有来澳读中学的学生签证持有者，无论来自哪一级风险的国家均可读50周英语语言课程。

 

That the current restrictions on student guardians of a maximum of three months of study be maintained but unlimited part-time study rights for ELICOS study only be allowed.

        建议继续维持当前学生监护人在澳至多学习三个月的限制，但来澳仅学ELICOS课程的学生，其监护人享有无限制的业余时间学习权。

 

That pre-paid homestay fees be included in financial assessments on the same basis as pre-paid boarding fees.

        建议在资金状况评估中预付的寄宿费(homestay fees)与预付的膳宿费一样计算。

 

 

That students coming for semester or year long non-award courses at an Australian university as part of their home universities degree and/or as part of an agreed student exchange between universities be given access to streamlined processing as outlined in Recommendation 3.

        建议作为母国大学学历的一部分或作为交换生来澳洲大学就读一学期或一年课程的学生享有建议3中简易受理程序的待遇。

 

That DIAC undertake specific research targeted at integrity and compliance issues into student visa outcomes, including both primary and secondary applicants, to inform policy development.

        建议澳大利亚移民部就如何使诚实守法的规定纳入学生签证（包括主申请人及陪读申请人）中开展专题研究的政策进展情况要公之与众。

 

That DIAC be appropriately funded to further develop research capability across the program.

        建议澳大利亚移民部在整个留学签证程序中获得适当的资金，以支持其进一步发展的研究能力。

 

That DIAC, to the extent permitted by legislation, co-operate with its counterparts across all levels of government to facilitate information sharing, to inform evidence based decision making.

        建议澳大利亚移民部在立法授权范围内与各级政府的相关部门进行合作，以加速信息共享，告知其决策及其依据的信息情况。

 

In the event that the research over the next 12 months reveals systemic abuse of dependant (secondary applicant) visas, that the government seriously consider mirroring the recent UK policy and restrict dependant visas to Masters and above courses unless the primary applicant is sponsored by a government.

        建议澳大利亚移民部在将来12个月的调查中，一旦发现陪读（次申请人）签证被多次滥用，澳大利亚政府考虑借鉴英国最近的政策，只允许读硕士或以上学位课程或者主申请人是由政府担保资助的学生方可申请陪读签证。

 

Current arrangements whereby SCVs automatically become NCNs should cease. SCV information should continue to be conveyed to DIAC who should use it as an input into a more targeted and strategic analysis of non-compliance.

        建议终止当前学生转换课程自动视作违规通知的政策，但是学生转换课程的信息应该继续被传输给移民部，可作为移民部作为对违法案例有针对性策略分析的依据。

SCV Student Course Variation：学生转换课程

NCN Non Compliance Notice： 违规通知 

 

Automatic cancellation of student visas should be abolished and replaced by a system in which information conveyed by SCVs is used as an input into a more targeted and strategic analysis of non-compliance.

        建议废止学生签证被自动取消的政策，取而代之的应该是一个更有效的评估系统，在该系统中，对学生课程转换信息作为对违法案例有针对性策略分析的依据。

 

        建议废止由于学生出勤率不够、学习成绩不好以及超时工作而学生签证被强制取消的政策，应给于签证官更大的酌情权来根据个案决定是否取消签证。

 

DIAC should concentrate its compliance and integrity resources in relation to student visas on the highest risk areas.

        建议移民部把资源放到高风险区域国家的学生签证申请上面，审核学生的行为是否符合签证条件及其真实性。

 

DIAC should not only respond to information generated by PRISMS but also be proactive in detecting the sorts of breaches (for example sham marriages and exceeding permissible work hours) which are not reported in PRISMS.

        建议移民部不仅对“澳大利亚院校注册和海外学生管理系统（PRISMS）”提供的情况做出反应，还要积极去发现没有报告给该系统的违法行为（比如虚假婚姻和超时工作等）。

 

That student work entitlements be measured as 40 hours per fortnight instead of 20 hours per week

        建议学生打工时间从现在的每周20小时改为每两周40小时。

 

That the necessary legislative changes be made to require the name of any agent involved to be entered into the student’s data into PRISMS.

        建议在法律上做一些必要的改变，要求将学生的中介代理人姓名记入学生档案，传输给澳大利亚院校注册和海外学生管理系统（PRISMS）。

 

That DEEWR take steps to encourage providers to voluntarily enter agent data into PRISMS in the interim before the ESOS Act is changed to make this mandatory.

        建议澳大利亚教育部采取措施，鼓励校方主动地在《海外学生教育服务法案》（ESOS Act）改为强制实施之前将中介机构的资料输入澳大利亚院校注册和海外学生管理系统（PRISMS）中。

 

That DEEWR and DIAC establish a single student identifier to track international students through their studies in Australia.

        建议澳大利亚教育部及移民部为每个学生建立独一无二的标识码，通过国际学生在澳大利亚的学习予以跟进。

 

That DIAC undertake a review of the AL framework, with a mind to either abolishing the system entirely or modifying the framework to make it relevant to current and future challenges facing the student visa program. This review should be managed by DIAC but should include reference to an external panel or reference group.

        建议移民部重新审视风险等级评估框架，可以考虑完全废止该系统或对该框架进行修订，以使之与当前及以后学生签证程序出现的变化保持一致。该审查应该由移民部负责，但是也要参考外部专家小组及相关团体的意见。

 

That DIAC upgrade its liaison at overseas posts with migration and education agents in relation to the student visa program, including regular meetings to keep agents abreast of any changes in rules and procedures.

         建议移民部在学生签证程序方面通过其在海外的分支机构与移民代理及留学代理加强联系，包括定期召开会议，以使他们及时了解签证规则和程序方面的变化。

 

That Austrade be asked to prepare a more detailed outlook document that provides effective business planning intelligence demonstrating the opportunities, for offshore provision of vocational education.

         建议责成澳洲商务署准备一份较详细的展望性文件，为职业教育到其他国家做有效的商业发展提供规划及机遇方面的情报。

 

That the highest quality Australian VET providers including TAFEs, be encouraged to explore offshore market opportunities.

         建议鼓励包括TAFE在内的澳大利亚优质职业教育机构寻机开发海外市场。

 

That the Australian Government, through programs such as the Export Market Development Grants Scheme and other forms of assistance, support high quality Australian vocational education providers in expanding their offshore training services.

         建议澳大利亚政府通过出口市场发展奖励计划（EMDG）及其他援助方式，支持优质职业教育机构拓展他们的海外培训服务。

 

That DIAC constitute an Education Visa Advisory Group as a primary means of regular two way communication between stakeholders in the international education sector and DIAC.

         建议移民部组建留学签证顾问团，作为国际留学领域的利益相关者与移民部开展常规性双向沟通的主要机构。

 

That the policy regarding Pre-Visa Assessment (PVA) be discontinued.

          建议取消预评估（PVA）政策。

 

That student visas be allowed to be granted in advance of four months before the commencement of the relevant course. Where necessary visas should specify a date before which the holder cannot enter Australia.

         建议允许学生签证在开学之前4个月下签，但在要在签证上注明一个日期，签证持有者在此日期之前不能入境。

 

That DIAC regularly reviews the current living cost amount, and based on the CPI or other measure amend the amount, as required.

         建议移民部根据消费者物价指数（CPI）或其他衡量物价的指标在需要时定期审查当前的生活费用水平。

 

That DIAC review the exclusion criteria and policy which relate to student visa non-compliance

         建议移民部重新审查针对违反学生签证的驱逐标准及政策。